The foundation pit dewatering of subway station during excavation is an important part of the work progress.However, the job location of the subway station is generally located in the region of high population flow, and the foundation pit dewatering always brings some bad influence on the surroundings.So the foundation pit dewatering should be studied and analyzed.Based on a metro station of Line No.6 of Wuhan Metro, this paper explains the change law of surrounding building settlement and deformation of retaining structures by using the practical nonitoring data during the process of foundation pit dewatering.Main conclusions are as below:1) in terms of the influence of surrounding buildings, the effect of external foundation pit dewatering is much bigger than that of internal foundation pit dewatering; 2) the effect of external foundation pit dewatering can reduce the active earth pressure of the foundation pit lateral in some degree, and then reduce deformation of retaining structures; 3) the soil property and condition of foundation pit dewatering would have a great impact on the deformation of retaining structures.