In order to solve the the problems caused by diversifed information in the highway tunnel, this article analyzes the characteristics of highway tunnel and uses big data analysis and assessment of BIM technology to study the tunnel maintenance and optimization. Based on the evaluation of the whole life cycle maintenance and optimization decision method, the article describes the basic principle of whole life cycle information evaluation decision and implementation path, and makes strategic choices according to the evaluation results. Finally, innovation points and application effects of this method are summarized, and the future development trend of the tunnel maintenance evaluation is pointed out.