摘要:
在HBIM (Historic Building Information Modeling) 数据库中进行信息查询面临三个问题：一是没有普适性的规则判断建筑之间的相似性；二是未考虑建筑本身所包含的历史文化信息；三是查询文本多基于关键词，难以检索到关键词未包含的信息。针对以上问题，提出了一种面向历史建筑的多模态检索方法，用户能通过输入图像或自然语言文本数据，检索到与输入特征相符的建筑，并以列表形式进行排序。在以图像检索建筑时，利用“dino_vit16”模型对图像进行特征提取，所提出的图像-建筑检索方法检索精度达90.08%；在文本检索建筑时则基于CLIP（Contrastive Language-Image Pre-training）模型建立图像和文本的关联，研究了图文相似度和文本相似度权重的取值，选择m =0.6，n =0.4作为权重的最佳配置。实验证明所提出的文本-建筑检索算法对于包含某种外观特征查询语句的检索效果最好，对于描述某种功能和建筑风格的查询语句检索效果最差，而当查询语句中包含4个以上的混合特征，能够描述出建筑的基本面貌时，可以准确地检索到符合条件的建筑。
摘要:
针对地铁工程项目可视化管理中存在的模型精细化不足、数据集成与展示不充分及真实性欠缺等问题，本研究提出了利用GIS和BIM技术作为解决方案，提升地铁工程实景三维建设的效果。首先研究构建了地铁工程实景三维平台的建设框架，分析了数据集成与融合、动态层次加载、模型轻量化与显示等关键技术。随后以深圳地铁14号线工程为案例，进行了实景三维可视化平台的建设与功能应用。案例涵盖了工程建设管理图、空间分析可视化、多视角场景漫游及BIM可视化与属性查询等内容，实现了地铁工程项目多源异构数据与模型的集成，提供了多尺度的实景三维可视化展示，为项目管理与决策提供了有力支持。
摘要:
数据资产化是建筑业数字化转型的重要趋势，但目前仍处于起步阶段。本研究针对建筑数据的特点，提出了建筑数据资产化的技术体系，包括安全化、标准化和价值化三个步骤；研发了基于大语言模型的元数据自动生成方法；并结合某施工企业的应用案例，验证了建筑数据资产化技术体系的可行性和价值，分析了目前存在的问题和未来研究方向。总体而言，建筑数据资产化有利于促进数据交换共享，充分发挥数据的潜在价值，推动建筑企业的数字化转型，但在BIM脱敏技术和市场化机制等方面仍需进一步深入研究。
摘要:
为了改善湖北地区现有农村住房结构老化、围护结构热工性能不佳导致的住宅能耗增加及室内热环境差等问题，本研究致力于对湖北地区典型农宅的围护结构进行改造。研究采用能耗模拟软件Ecotect对不同围护结构改造方案的节能效率进行定量分析，并运用熵值法和多因素正交实验分析了16种具有代表性的改造方案，优选出兼顾节能性和经济性的最佳方案。结果表明，单因素改造方案的节能效果排序为：屋顶改造 > 门窗改造 > 外墙改造。在熵值法下的多因素组合改造方案初选中，节能率、节能改造方案初投资、节能改造收益、静态投资回收期及净现值（NPV）的所占权重分别为0.2、0.26、0.21、0.14和0.19。该研究为湖北地区现有农宅的节能改造提供了新的思路，并在围护结构改造方案优选中具有一定的参考价值。
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