2023, 15(4): 54-63. doi: 10.16670/j.cnki.cn11-5823/tu.2023.04.10
装配式建筑点云模型几何特征自动化提取方法研究
| 1. | 中铁第四勘察设计院集团有限公司，武汉 430063 |
| 2. | 东南大学土木工程学院，南京 211189 |
Research on Automatic Extraction Method of Geometric Features Based on Prefabricated Building Point Cloud Model
| 1. | China Railway Fourth Survey and Design Institute Group Co., Ltd., Wuhan Hubei 430063, China |
| 2. | School of Civil Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing Jiangsu 211189, China |
引用本文:
鲁志鹏, 薛光桥, 卢宏宇, 方卓祯, 梁阳泽, 徐照. 装配式建筑点云模型几何特征自动化提取方法研究[J]. 土木建筑工程信息技术,
2023, 15(4): 54-63.
doi: 10.16670/j.cnki.cn11-5823/tu.2023.04.10
Citation:
Zhipeng Lu, Guoqiao Xue, Hongyu Lu, Zhuozhen Fang, Yangze Liang, Zhao Xu. Research on Automatic Extraction Method of Geometric Features Based on Prefabricated Building Point Cloud Model[J]. Journal of Information Technologyin Civil Engineering and Architecture,
2023, 15(4): 54-63.
doi: 10.16670/j.cnki.cn11-5823/tu.2023.04.10
摘要:针对传统检测方法无法满足装配式建筑质量精度检验要求的问题，本文提出了一种基于点云模型的装配式建筑预制构件几何尺寸自动化提取方法。首先利用建筑结构空间位置关系及几何特点将典型预制构件点云从整体建筑点云中分割；对构件点云进行特征提取实现尺寸信息的测量；通过求取拟合平面法向量与垂直方向单位向量的夹角检测墙体的垂直度；利用点云切片提取柱中轴线来检测柱体的垂直度；再通过各点到拟合平面的中误差来表示板面平整度。研究以某装配式建筑施工现场采集的点云数据为例，对预制构件点云数据进行离群点剔除与切分，实现点云数据特征自动化提取和测量，测量精度均在95%以上，验证了方法的可行性和有效性。为实现典型预制构件的自动分割、尺寸测量以及参数化管理提供基础。
Abstract: Traditional inspection methods are difficult to achieve the accurate inspection of the quailty of prefabricated buildings. To solve the problem above, this paper proposes an automatic extraction method of geometric dimensions of prefabricated components of buildings based on point cloud model. The paper conducts this method under the following steps: firstly, the typical prefabricated component point cloud is separated from the overall building point cloud by taking advantage of the spatial location relationship and geometric characteristics of the building structure. Meanwhile, feature extraction of component point cloud is used to measure dimension information and the perpendicularity of the wall is detected by calculating the included angle between the fitting plane normal vector and the vertical direction unit vector. The perpendicularity of the column is detected by extracting the central axis of the column from the point cloud slice. Moreover, the flatness of the board is represented by the mean square error from each point to the fitting plane. The research takes the point cloud data collected from the construction site of a prefabricated building as an example, removes and segments their outliers, after which it can manage the automatic extraction and measurement of point cloud data features. The measurement accuracy, above 95%, verifies the feasibility and effectiveness of the method, which provides a reference for automatic segmentation, dimension measurement and parametric management of typical prefabricated components.
| [1] |
彭效义, 许国东, 孙正华. 装配式混凝土构件问题及生产质量控制关键技术[J]. 建筑技术, 2019, 50(5): 607-610. |
| [2] | |
| [3] |
陈滨津, 姚守俨, 蒋绮琛, 等. BIM+三维激光扫描技术在工程质量管控中的应用[J]. 土木建筑工程信息技术, 2019, 11(5): 55-60. |
| [4] |
Romero-Jarén R, Arranz J J. Automatic segmentation and classification of BIM elements from point clouds[J]. Automation in Construction, 2021, 124: 103576.doi: 10.1016/j.autcon.2021.103576 |
| [5] |
Perez-Perez Y, Golparvar-Fard M, El-Rayes K. Segmentation of point clouds via joint semantic and geometric features for 3D modeling of the built environment[J]. Automation in Construction, 2021, 125: 103584.doi: 10.1016/j.autcon.2021.103584 |
| [6] |
张瑞菊, 周欣, 赵江洪, 等. 一种古建筑点云数据的语义分割算法[J]. 武汉大学学报(信息科学版), 2020, 45(5): 753-759. |
| [7] |
Xu J, Wang X. A 3D Design System of Skirt Profile Based on OpenGL[C]//Journal of Physics: Conference Series. IOP Publishing, 2020, 1621(1): 012036. |
| [8] |
杨会君, 王瑞萍, 王增莹, 等. 基于多视角图像的作物果实三维表型重建[J]. 南京师大学报(自然科学版), 2021, 44(02): 92-103. |
| [9] |
Razlaw J, Quenzel J, Behnke S. Detection and tracking of small objects in sparse 3D laser range data[C]//2019 International Conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA). IEEE, 2019: 2967-2973. |
| [10] |
Puang E Y, Zhang H, Zhu H, et al. Hierarchical Point Cloud Encoding and Decoding With Lightweight Self-Attention Based Model[J]. IEEE Robotics and Automation Letters, 2022, 7(2): 4542-4549. |
| [11] |
Fang L, Luo Q, Sun Y. Point cloud target detection and tracking algorithm based on K-means and Kalman[C]//Journal of Physics: Conference Series. IOP Publishing, 2021, 1952(2): 022024. |
| [12] |
Zhou C, Luo Z, Luo Y, et al. PTTR: Relational 3D Point Cloud Object Tracking with Transformer[C]//Proceedings of the IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, 2022: 8531-8540. |
| [13] |
许海波. 基于建筑特征的三维激光点云数据处理方法研究[D]. 重庆交通大学, 2018. |
| [14] |
王绍臣. 基于点云重建技术的工件曲面轮廓度测量方法研究[D]. 山东大学, 2020. |
| [15] |
袁华, 庞建铿, 莫建文. 基于体素化网格下采样的点云简化算法研究[J]. 电视技术, 2015, 39(17): 43-47. |
| [16] |
李莹. 基于SLAM激光点云的室内三维建模方法研究[D]. 河南理工大学, 2019. |
| [17] |
李瑞雪, 邹纪伟. 基于PCL库的点云滤波算法研究[J]. 卫星电视与宽带多媒体, 2020(13): 237-238. |
| [18] |
吴燕雄, 李峰, 刘芳, 等. 平滑度欧式聚类算法分割点云数据[J]. 测控技术, 2016, 35(3) 36-38. |
| [19] |
张宁宁, 杨英宝, 于双, 等. 基于主成分分析及连通性分析的建筑物LiDAR点云提取技术[J]. 勘察科学技术, 2016(3): 36-39. |
| [20] |
王竞雪, 洪绍轩. 结合区域生长及主成分分析的机载LiDAR建筑物点云提取[J]. 信号处理, 2018, 34(9): 1094-1104. |
计量
- PDF下载量(23)
- 文章访问量(740)
- HTML全文浏览量(1037)
