摘要:鉴于塔吊因塔身结构、作业行为和气象环境等因素而经常发生失稳倾覆、塔臂断裂、碰撞等事故，开展基于多传感器集成的塔吊安全动态监测技术研究显得尤为重要。有效识别险情并及时预警是预防事故的重要途径。本文通过对塔吊事故原因的分析，从塔吊系统组成及其安全事故诱发因素入手，设计了塔吊安全管控内容，梳理了监测对象与传感器的映射关系，构建了多传感器组合的塔吊状态感知体系。该体系实时获取塔吊的多源监测数据，建立了塔吊安全隐患识别模型，并开发了塔吊安全监测系统。实际应用表明，合理部署多传感器能够实现对塔吊运行状态的实时监测，通过监测数据分析识别危险因素并及时响应，采取控制措施，有效防范和减少生产事故，为建筑施工的安全提供了重要技术保障。

Abstract: Construction tower cranes are prone to accidents such as instability, overturning, tower arm breakage, and collisions due to factors including the structure of the crane, workers' operational behavior, and meteorological conditions. Investigating safety dynamic monitoring technologies based on multi-sensor integration is crucial for identifying hazardous situations, issuing timely warnings, and preventing accidents. This study analyzes the causes of tower crane accidents by examining the tower crane system's composition and the factors triggering safety incidents. It proposes a safety control framework for tower cranes and establishes the mapping relationship between monitoring objects and sensors. A multi-sensor tower crane state perception system is designed to acquire real-time, multi-source monitoring data. Utilizing an established safety hazard identification model, a tower crane safety monitoring technology system is developed. The practical application of this system demonstrates that appropriately deploying multiple sensors enables effective real-time monitoring of tower crane operations. The analysis of monitoring data allows for the timely identification of hazards and the implementation of control measures, thereby significantly reducing the incidence of production accidents and providing essential technical support for safe building construction.